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Leonardo da Vinci
Who2
Biography:Leonardo
da Vinci,
Artist
/ Scientist
- Born: 15 April 1452
- Birthplace: Vinci, Italy
-
Died: 2 May 1519
(natural causes)
- Best Known As: Painter of the Mona Lisa
Leonardo da Vinci is best remembered as the painter of the Mona
Lisa (1503-1506) and The Last Supper (1495). But he's
almost equally famous for his astonishing multiplicity of talents: he
dabbled in architecture, sculpture, engineering, geology, hydraulics and
the military arts, all with success, and in his spare time doodled
parachutes and flying machines that resembled inventions of the 19th and
20th centuries. He made detailed drawings of human anatomy which are
still highly regarded today. Leonardo also was quirky enough to write
notebook entries in mirror (backwards) script, a trick which kept many
of his observations from being widely known until decades after his
death.
Leonardo da Vinci means "Leonardo from the town of Vinci," and thus
he is generally referred to in short as "Leonardo" rather than as "da
Vinci"... He received a fresh burst of public interest in 2003 with the
publication of The Da Vinci Code, the bestselling thriller by
author Dan
Brown.
Britannica
Concise
Encyclopedia:Leonardo
da Vinci
(born April 15, 1452, Anchiano, Republic of Florence —
died May 2, 1519, Cloux, France) Italian Renaissance painter, sculptor,
draftsman, architect, engineer, and scientist. The son of a landowner
and a peasant, he received training in painting, sculpture, and
mechanical arts as an apprentice to Andrea
del Verrocchio. In 1482, having made a name for himself in
Florence, he entered the service of the duke of Milan as "painter and
engineer." In Milan his artistic and creative genius unfolded. About
1490 he began his project of writing treatises on the "science of
painting," architecture, mechanics, and anatomy. His theories were based
on the belief that the painter, with his powers of perception and
ability to pictorialize his observations, was uniquely qualified to
probe nature's secrets. His numerous surviving manuscripts are noted for
being written in a backward script that requires a mirror to be read.
In 1502 – 03, as military architect and engineer for Cesare
Borgia, he helped lay the groundwork for modern cartography. After
five years of painting and scientific study back in Florence (1503 –
08), he returned to Milan, where his scientific work flourished. In
1516, after an interlude under Medici
patronage in Rome, he entered the service of Francis
I of France; he never returned to Italy. Though only some 17
completed paintings survive, they are universally seen as masterpieces.
The power of The Last Supper (1495 – 98) comes in part
from its masterly composition. In the Mona Lisa (c.
1503 – 06) the features and symbolic overtones of the subject achieve a
complete synthesis. The unique fame that Leonardo enjoyed in his
lifetime and that, filtered by historical criticism, has remained
undimmed to the present day rests largely on his unlimited desire for
knowledge, a trait that guided all his thinking and behaviour.
For more information on Leonardo da Vinci, visit Britannica.com.
Scientist:Leonardo
da Vinci
[b. Vinci
(Italy), April 15, 1452, d. Amboise,
France, May 2, 1519] Leonardo's great reputation in science and
invention is posthumous, based on the translation and publication of his
coded notebooks in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In his
lifetime, in addition to his famous paintings, he was known for his
engineering of canal locks, cathedrals, and engines of war. The
notebooks reveal Leonardo's correct interpretations of anatomy,
explanations of physical concepts such as inertia, and sketches for
working parachutes and helicopters, all well in advance of those ideas
entering the scientific record.
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