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Edgar Degas (19 July 1834 – 27 September 1917) was a French artist
famous for his work in painting, sculpture, and drawing. His early
study of classical art prefaced a body of mature works which
convincingly placed the human figure in contemporary environments. He
is regarded as one of the founders of impressionism. After returning
from Italy, Degas copied paintings at the Louvre. In 1865 some of his
works were accepted in the Salon. During the next five years, Degas had
additional works accepted in the Salon, and gradually gained respect in
the world of conventional art (Benedek "Chronology."). In 1870, Degas's
life was changed by the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War. During the
war, Degas served in the National Guard to defend Paris (Mannering 6),
allowing little time for painting. Following the war, Degas visited his
brother, Rene, in New Orleans and produced a number of works, many of
family members, before returning to Paris in 1873 (Mannering 6). Soon
after his return, in 1874, Degas helped to organize the first
Impressionist Exhibition (Benedek "Chronology."). The Impressionists
subsequently held seven additional shows, the last in 1886, and Degas
showed his work in all but one (Mannering 6-7). Also showing works in
these exhibitions was Degas's "friend and rival" (Mannering 5), Édouard
Manet, whose interest in the contemporary life of Paris influenced and
paralleled Degas' own (Mannering 5). At around the same time, Degas
also became an amateur photographer, both for pleasure, and in order to
accurately capture action for painting (Hartt 365). Eventually Degas
relinquished some of his financial security. This occurred after the
death of his father, when various debts forced him to sell his
collection of art, live more modestly, and depend on his artwork for
income (Canaday 936-937). As the years passed, Degas became isolated,
due, in part, to his belief "that a painter could have no personal
life.(Canaday 929). He never married and spent the last years of his
life "aimlessly wandering the streets of Paris" (Mannering 7) before
dying in 1917.
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